background: there has been increasing awareness throughout the world regarding the remarkable decrease in amphibian population. for such amphibian population decline several causes have been given. cadmium, a heavy metal is released both from natural sources (leaching of cadmium rich soils) and anthropogenic activities to the aquatic and terrestrial environments. this study evaluated the toxici...

cadmium (cd), being a highly toxic metal pollutant of soils, it inhibits root and shoot growth and yield production, affects nutrient uptake and homeostasis. it is frequently accumulated by agriculturally important crops and then enters the food chain with a significant potential to impair animals and human’s health. therefore, a study was conducted to evaluate the effects of various cd levels ...

background: fruits especially citrus species are an integral part of human diet. contamination of foodstuffs by heavy and toxic metals via environmental pollution has become an inevitable challenge these days. therefore, the effect of pollutants on food safety for human consumption is a global public concern. in this regards, this study was conducted for al and cu health risk assessment through...

Heavy metals are metallic elements which have a high atomic weight and a density much greater (at least 5 times) than water. There are more than 20 heavy metals, but four are of particular concern to human health: lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and inorganic arsenic (As). According to the U.S. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. These four heavy metals are four of the top ...

In general, irritable health concern related to heavy metal (accumulation) might be mainly divided into 2 types, i.e. heavy metal poisoning caused by excessive extrinsic exposure and genetic disorders such as Wilson disease (as reviewed by Osredkar et al. in this issue). As for the former type, unlike the latter one, it can be said that the health damage spread with the development of the civil...

In recent years, heavy metal toxicity related to the use of traditional Chinese and Indian herbal medications has been reported in a number of countries, including Australia. Heavy metals such as lead or mercury may be introduced into herbal medications through contaminated soil or production techniques, or may be deliberately included as a therapeutic ingredient. Particularly when consumed ove...

Cumulative evidence shows that the long-term prognosis for ADHD is poor, with higher rates of persistent psychiatric problems (Shekim et al., 1990), neurocognitive difficulties (Murphy et al., 2002), and academic struggles (Ratey et al., 1992). Many theoretical models have been put forward to explain the cause of ADHD (Barkley, 1997); however, it is largely recognized that it is a heterogeneous...

This paper describes the development of an automated Flow Injection analyzer for water toxicity assessment. The analyzer is validated by assessing the toxicity of heavy metal (Pb(2+), Hg(2+) and Cu(2+)) solutions. One hundred μL of a Vibrio fischeri suspension are injected in a carrier solution containing different heavy metal concentrations. Biosensor cells are mixed with the toxic carrier sol...